Electric telegraphy.



PATENTED JUNE 13, 1906.

I. KITSEE.

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHY.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR.16, 1905.

J\ H 1. 1 G B Z ET N a 000 f/bewa/ J/onsen 1443 3 A C O 6% 514,130 to;

Patented June 13, 1905;

PATENT OFFICE.

ISIDOR KITSEE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 792,052, dated June13, 1905. Application filed March 16,1905. Serial N0 250,388.

To a, whom, it Duty concern: I

Be it known that I, ISIDOR KITsEE, of the city and county ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Electric Telegraphy, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to an improvement in electric telegraphy, and hasmore special reference to a receiving instrument.

In submarine telegraphy an instrument known under the name ofSiphonrecorder is used as a receiver. This ingenious instrument,invented by Sir William Thomson, consists, mainly, of a stationarymagnetic field and a movable coil in the region of said field, the coilprovided with a soft-iron core and suspended by cocoon threads. To thismovable coil is attached a fine glass tube or siphon, dipping with oneend into an ink-well and placed with the other end near a moving stripof paper. The attachment of the siphon to the movable coil is such thatthe movement of this coil is repro-' duced in the movement of the freeend of the siphon. The ink and the support of the paper are electrifiedin a manner so that a continuous spurting out of the ink from the freeend of the siphon takes place, and as the coil, and therefore thesiphon, moves in accordance with the impulses, received, either to rightor left, an inky line recording these impulses is produced on the movingpaper. The instrument itself and all its parts and the working of sameare well understood by persons versed in the art, and as the same do notform part of my invention I deem it unnecessary to reproduce theinstrument as'a whole, and I therefore only reproduce the siphon itself,the inkwell, and the paper for the purpose of better illustrating myinvention, which broadly consists therein that instead of a continuousline individual short lines are produced on the paper through themovement of the siphon, for it is obvious that to move this siphon it isnot necessary to have the device exactly as the one just described; butany polarized armature will, if placed be tween two coils, move thissiphon in substantially the same manner as the moving coil,

provided that the siphon is properly connected thereto. Besides, thearrangement of the recording-siphon of today is such that the normal orzero position of the glass tube is near the center of the paper and thetube is moved sidewise, either to the right or left, through theincoming current and will al ways come to rest at or near the center,whereas for my purpose it is best that the tube should be suspended in amanner so as to remain 011 that side to which it was moved through theincoming current. In other words, whereas in the siphon of today thepoint of rest of the glass tube is in the center in my arrangement thepoint of rest is always to the side in touch with one or the other ofthe stops provided for that purpose.

In the method as practiced to-day in telegraphy over submarine cablesthe continental Morse alphabet is used, consisting, as every Morsealphabet does, of dots and dashes differently arranged for each letterof the alphabet. In most cases an impulse of positive polaritycharacterizes a dash and an impluse of negative polarity characterizes adot; but in telegraphing with such alphabets a succession of dots anddashes-therefore a suecession of impulses of one polarity-cannot alwaysbe avoided, and the speed has to be reduced therefor, so as to allow thecable to discharge itself before too many impulses of the same polaritycan be transmitted. To avoid this difficulty, I have tried a systemwherein true reversals are employedthat is, wherein an impulse of onepolarity is always succeeded by an impulse of an opposite polarity. Thissystem is clearly set forth in Letters Patent granted to me December 13,1904, under Serial No. 777,259, and in this system one impulse (thepolarity not coming into consideration) characterizes a dot and twoimpulses in quick succession (each of a polarity opposite to the other)characterize a dash. To record such impulses, the usual siphon-recorderas used to-day can, as was practically proven, be used; but in a goodmany instances it is preferable that the recorded signs should be moreclearly readable, and for this purpose I have recourse to thearrangement as will hereinafter be described,

illustrated in the drawings, and more clearly pointed out in the claimsfollowing the specilication.

In the drawings, Figure 1 illustrates in perspective that part of thesipl'ion-recorder which is necessary to record the messages on the stripof paper, leaving entirely out that part which maybe used to actuate thesiphon proper. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a piece of tape, showingrecorded thereon the characters denoting the word Greeting.

In the drawings, A is the ink-well, B the siphon proper, b and b themeans to connect the siphon to the movable part of the receiving device.This connection is made in a manner so that the siphon will always restagainst one or the other of the stops C or C. The piece of tape E isresting on the support F. Directly .over the tape or paper E, but nottouching it, is the shield D, provided with the hole or perforation (Zand the groove or gutter d.

The free point of the siphon is when centered above the hole (Z, but notextending into the same, and is when swinging to right or left over thesolid portion of the shield, but not touching the same, The arrow indicates the direction in which the paper is going. The lines 0 aresupposed to be the records formed on the paper through the movements ofthe siphon B.

The working of this instrument is as fol lows: Normally the free part ofthe siphon will rest, as said above, against one of the stops 0 or G.The incoming impulse, if the same is of the required polarity, will movethe siphon from the stop against which it rests across the free spacebetween. the stops and will come to rest against the opposite stop.During this movement the ink will always spurt out of the open end ofsaid siphon, but will not be able to reach the paper or tape, for thereason that the shield intervenes between the ink and the paper; butwhere the shield is ')erforated--that is, in the centerthe ink will beenabled to pass through this perforation and will reach the paper,making a record thereon, such as a short line or a period. Nhen in itsmovement the free end of the siphon. has passed the perforation, thenthe ink will again be deposited on the shield and carried oil by thegroove d.

It is supposed that the siphon, rests, as is shown inthedrawings,against the stop C, and. it is supposed that the incoming impulse willmove it from this step toward and in contact with the stop C. During thewhole progress of this movement the siphon would record an uninterruptedline on the moving paper were it not for the perforated shield I), whichonly permits the ink to reach the paper during the short period that thesiphon is over the hole, thereby recording only a period or a shortline, and as the size of the hole or perforation may vary in accordancewith requirements it is obvious that the size of the line may also bevaried from a small point or dot to a line of predetermined length.

As stated in the Letters Patent above referred to and at the beginningof this specification, in. the system of true reversals one impulsecharacterizes a dot and two impulses characterize a dash. Therefore torecord a dot on the moving paper it is only necessary to send oneimpulse over the line, causing the siphon to move from one stop say C tothe other stopsay C-and to record thereby one period or one short line,and in order to record a dash it is necessary to send in quicksuccession two impulses over the line, the secend of these two impulseshaving a polarity opposite to the first of these two impulses, one ofthese impulses causing the siphon to move from stop 0 back to stop 0 andthe second of these two impulses causing the siphon to move again to C,each of these movements causing the siphon to record a period or a shortline, the second in close proximity to the first. In other words, eachmovement of the siphon from one stop to the other causes the free end ofsame to pass over the perfora tion, thereby allowing the ink to reachthe paper, making a record, and in the case of a dot to allow a wholetime unit to lapse before the next succeeding record, and in the case ofa dash the free end of the siphon passes over the perforation, making arecord, followed by a halfunit of time and then passing a second timeover the perforation, making a second record, which is only a half-spacefrom the first.

In Fig. 2-, E is the tape, and e the characters marked thereon, saidcharacters representing, as stated above, the word Greeting, each letterof which and the character in the Morse continental code written below.

I have for convenience sake illustrated the mode of supporting thesiphon proper by the two threads I) and b but it is obvious that thismode of suspension may differ according 'to recpiirements.

Having now described my invention, what I claim. as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination with a recording-siphon and a moving paperadapted tohave recorded. thereon characters through the moving of said siphon, adevice placed between said siphon and said paper,said device imperviousto the recording fluid but provided with an orifice whereby therecording fluid is allowed to reach the paper only during the period.that the free end of the siphon is directly above said orifice.

2. In combination with a recording-siphon a paper adapted to haverecorded. thereon through the movement of said siphon charactersdesignating the leters of a telegraphic alphabet, an intermediate deviceadapted to prevent the depositing of the recording fluid ITO on thepaper during the movement of said siphon with the exception of apredetermined period or part of said movement.

3. In combination with a recording-siphon and a paper adapted to haverecorded thereon characters designating letters of a telegraphicalphabet during the movement of said siphon a shield interposed betweenthe siphon and the paper, said shield provided with an orifice, saidorifice in alinement with the free end of the siphon during its movement from one side to the other, the shield of a material impervious tothe recording fluid.

4. In combination with a recording-siphon and a paper adapted to haverecorded thereon characters designating letters of a telegraphicalphabet during the movement of said siphon, a shield interposedbetweenthe siphon and the paper, said shield provided with an orifice, saidorifice in alinement with the free end of the siphon during its movementfrom one side to the other, the shield of a material impervious to therecording fluid, said shield provided with means to carry off the fluiddeposited thereon.

In testimony whereof I hereby sign my name, in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses, this 9th day of March, A. D. 1905.

ISIDOR KITSEE.

Witnesses:

EDITH R. STILLEY, H. C. YETTER.

